Induction of cytochrome P450 isoenzymes leads to a decreased plasma concentration of phenobarbital itself and other drugs. If there are concerns, for example albumin is low or bilirubin is elevated, further work-up is indicated. Increases of 3-4 times the upper end of the normal range can occur, but liver enzymes do not reflect liver function. Phenobarbital induces cytochrome P450 enzymes and increases liver enzyme values in dogs, ALT, total ALP and L-ALP may increase, whereas in cats receiving phenobarbital, increases in total ALP or L-ALP are less likely. Some antiepileptic drugs cause changes in blood chemistry results. These may cause some false alarms if a dog or cat is active or excited, but are worth it when they alert you to a seizure episode.Īs with all patients, a full history including a list of all previous and current medications and supplements is taken and a thorough physical examination performed. It’s important to get these pets back to their normal eating and activity schedule, so whenever possible, schedule them early in the day and get them home the same day.īecause not all dogs and cats may be under direct visual observation all the time, but are usually within hearing distance, an additional safety measure is to attach a bell to the patient’s collar or harness. If maropitant is not already on board, it can be given orally or by injection on arrival, as it decreases opioid related vomiting and shortens the time to voluntary food intake after surgery. It is important to specifically ask the owner if the dog or cat vomited on the journey after drugs were given. If the dog or cat is prone to car sickness, maropitant should be dispensed ahead of the scheduled appointment and, because of its 24-hour duration, can be given the evening before. ![]() ![]() Stress delays gastric emptying and absorption of oral medications, therefore it is best if the drugs are given by the owner at home, at least 1 hour prior to travel. The time of the procedure can be scheduled to accommodate for this: drugs can be given with a small amount of wet within 3 hours of anesthesia. If a patient is currently receiving antiepileptic drugs (mono or combination therapy) it is important not to disrupt the normal dosing regimen.
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